Xionodromika

Geography

Geography of Greece

Greece is located in the southeastern part of Europe and in particular in the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula (or the peninsula of Aimos), in the boundary between Europe, Asia and Africa. Ιt shares land borders with the Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) and Bulgaria to the north, with Albania to the northwest and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.

Its total area is 131.957 sq. Km., and is divided into three ‘main’ geographical units:

– the mainland (from the region of Central Greece in the south to the region of Thrace in northeastern tip), which is the largest in the country,

– the Peloponnese which is joined to the mainland by the Isthmus of Corinth, and

– the approximately 6.000 larger and smaller islands and islets scattered across the sea area of ​​the country, either alone, or integrated into island complexes, thus setting up unique on the European continent Greek Archipelago. Some of the best known and most popular Greek islands or clusters are Crete, Rhodes, Corfu, the Dodecanese and Cyclades.

80% of the territory of Greece is mountainous or hilly, which makes it one of the most mountainous countries in Europe, while the total length of its coastline is about 16.000km., of which 7.500km. are on the islands of Greek archipelago, which gives a rare geomorphological feature for the whole European continent.

MAJOR MOUNTAINS OF GREECE
Name
 Geographical Region
 Altitude (meters)  
Olympos Macedonia, Thessaly 2.904
Smolikas Macedonia  2.631
Grammos Macedonia  2.521
Voras Macedonia  2.519
Giona Central Greece  2.507
Tymfi (Gamila) Epirus  2.499
Parnassos Central Greece  2.455
Idi (Psiloritis) Crete  2.454
Lefka Mountains Crete  2.454
Athamanon Mountains Epirus  2.429
Vardoussia Central Greece  2.413
Taygetos Peloponnese  2.404
Kyllini Peloponnese  2.374
Aroania Peloponnese  2.338
Varnous Macedonia  2.329
Tymfristos Central Greece  2.312
Lakmos Epirus  2.294
Pindos Epirus, Thessaly, Macedonia  2.249

 

MAJOR LAKES OF GREECE
Name
 Main Sources Length (km)  
Aliakmonas Grammos  297
Acheloos Northern Pindos 220
Pinios (Thessaly) Northern Pindos 205
Evros* Rila, Bulgaria 204 (480)
Nestos* Rila, Bulgaria  130 (243)
Strymonas* Vitosa, Bulgaria 118 (392)
Thiamis (Kalamas) Dousko 115
Alfios Parnonas 110
Arachthos Northern Pindos 110
Enipeas (Θεσσαλικός) Othris 84
Evrotas Parnonas 82
Louros Tomaros 80
Sperchios Tymfristos 80
Evinos Vardoussia  80
Tavropos (Megdovas) Agrafa 78
Axios* Skardos 76 (380)
Aoos* Lygos, Northern Pindos  70 (260)
Galikos Kroussia Mountains, Macedonia 70
Ladonas Aroania 70
Mornos Iti 70
Pinios (Peloponnese) Erymanthos  70
* length of river on Greek territory and in brackets the total length of the river

 

MAJOR LAKES OF GREECE
Name
 Geographical Region
 Maximum Length (km)
Trichonida Central Greece 18,000
Volvi Macedonia (Thessaloniki) 20,150
Vegoritida Macedonia (Florina, Pella) 14,800
Vistonida Thrace (Xanthi, Rodopi) 12,450
Koronia Macedonia (Thessaloniki) 10,750
Mikri Prespa Macedonia (Florina, Albania) 15,300
Megali Prespa Macedonia (Florina, Albania, FYROM) 11,600
Orestiada (Kastoria) Macedonia (Kastoria) 7,500
Pamvotida Epirus (Ioannina) 7,950
Yliki Central Greece 10,825
Doirani Central Greece 8,100
Amvrakia Central Greece 13,150
Lisimachia Macedonia (Florina) 6,238
Petron Central Greece 5,250
Paralimni Macedonia (Florina) 8,110
Chimaditida Central Greece 5,150
Ozeros Central Greece 5,200
Voulkaria Central Greece (Evia) 4,000
Distos Central Greece (Evia) 4,280
Pikrolimni Macedonia (Kilkis) 2,425
Stymfalia Peloponnese 3,475

 

MAJOR ARTIFICIAL LAKES OF GREECE
Neme
 Geographical Region
 Maximum Length (km)  
Kerkini Macedonia (Serres) 44,920
Polifitou Macedonia (Kozani) 29,480
Kremaston Central Greece 14,490
Kastrakiou Central Greece 29,380
Plastira Thessaly 13,760
Piniou Peloponnese 8,490

 

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